Railway car



@ciit. 9 1923. EAJQSQH I H. w. SANFORD RAILWAY CAR Filed June 5, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheatfi nmmm Unit, 9 1923.

H. W. SANFORD RAILWAY CAR Filed June 5, 1922 4 heetsshw 3 ,CDct 9, H923. HAW EsQJH H. W. SANFQRD RAILWAY GAR Filed June 5, 1922 4 sheets Shgg g 3 am H wax/M mmma H. SANFORD RAILWAY CAR Filed June 5, 1922 4 speets=smma 4 C-Ti Patented @ct. a, was.

UNHTEKDD HUG-18E W. SANFORD, 0F KNQXVILLE, TENNESEE.

RAILWAY CAB.

Application filed June 3, 1922. Serial No. 565,5t8.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HUGH /V. Sansone, a citizen of the United States, residin at Knoxville, in the county of Knox and tate of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Railway Cars, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing.

My improvement relates particularly to mine cars in which the wheel axles extend under the car body and through axle boxes held to the car body adjacent the track wheels.

@ne object of this invention is to produce a desirable type of axle box and to bring the axle box into efiective relation with the car body, that relation allowing balanced pressures of the axle box on the axle. Another object is to bring the bottom of the car body close to the track, the structure in cluding means for supporting the car body in such manner as to reduce the space between the bottom of the car body and the car axle.

In the accompanying drawings.

F ig. 1 is a transverse, upright section through a part of a car body near one of the wheels and the adjacent axle box;

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the part of the,

car shown by Fig. 1.; 7

Fig. 3 is an upright section on the line, 3--3, of Fig. 2, the parts being shown in the upright position;

Fig 4; is an upright section on the line, tl, of Figs. 1 and 3, looking toward the right;

ig. 5 is an upright section on the line, 5-5, of Fig. 8, looking toward the right;

Fig. 6 is an upright section on the line, 68, of Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 8, looking toward the right;

Fig. 7 is a perspective of the pedestal structure;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on the line, 8-8, of Figs. 1 and 3. looking upward;

Fig. 9 is an upright section on the line, 9-9, of Figs. 1 and 3,.looking toward the left.

Referring to said drawings, A is one of the wheels of a car. A is the hub of the wheel and A is the axle. A is a washer surrounding the axle adjacent the outer end of the hub. A is a cotter pin or cross member extending through the axle to retain said washer.

B is a part of the metal plate flooring or bottom of the car body, this flooring being shown as sheet metal. C is a Z-lorm metal reinforcing plate extending parallel to the length of the car and having an upright middle web, C and having a lower, horizontal web or flange, C extending beneath the bottom plate, B, and riveted or bolted thereto. Said plate has also an upper outward-directed horizontal web or flange, U. D is a reinforcing angle plate extending parallel to the length of the car and having a horizontal flange, D applied to the lower face of the bottom plate, B, and directed toward the Z-torm plate, C, and secured to.

the bottom plate by rivets or bolts. The member, D, has a downward-directed flange, D which is cut away or notched at, W, to make room for the axle, A The upper partof an abutment member, D", ove'rdaps the flange, D and is secured tiereto by rivets or bolts. Said member, D", has an opening, D through which the axle, A extends, said opening being elongated in the upright direction in order that said member and the axle may have relative up-anddown movement. Said abutment member also serves to support the axle when it happens that the wheel does not rest on the track rail, T.

While the plates, C and D, constitute reinforcing or strengthening members for the car body they also term seats for the pedestal structure with which the axle box is associated. F3 is the pedestal structure which receives the axle box. Said structure resembles a bench or stool having a horizontal body and four standards or supports. The pedestal structure comprises a horizontal top plate and tour downward extensions, F one o'l said extensions being 'at each corner of the top plate. The top plate has its upper face divided into the longitudinal parts, E E and E The part, FF, is high enough to extend between the reinforcing members and bear flatwise against the lower face of the bottom plate, B, while the part, E bears flatwise against the lower face of the flange, E of the member, C, and the part, E bears fiatwise against the lower face of the flange, D of the member, D. Bolts or rivets, Ff extend through the parts, E and E of the pedestal structure and through the members, C and D, and the bottom plate, B, to secure the pedestal structure to the members, C and D, and the bottom plate.

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lllll Each downward-extension, F is angleform in horizontal cross section, one flange being parallel to the length of the car body and the other flange being parallel to a plane which is upright and transverse to the length of the car body. In each plane of the flanges which are parallel to the length of the car, the pedestal structure has a horizontal rib, E joining, said extensions and extending downward from the top plate toward the axle box. In each plane of the flanges, E, is a web, E", which joins said extensions and extends downward from the top plate nearly to the adjacent bracket, F on the axle box. The axle box, F, extends between the forward pair and the rear pair of downward extensions, E. On each side of the axle box is a horizontal ear or bracket, F, the forward of said brackets being between the for ward pair of said extensions and the rear of said brackets bein between the rear pair of said extensions. The upper face of each of said brackets is convex and the brackets are wider above than below. The body, F of a bolt extends slidably through each bracket and into a hole, F, in the top plate and has a head, F resting in the enlarged up per part of said hole. Above each hole, F, the bottom plate, B, has a hole, B large enough to allow the passing of the head, F

The lower end of each of said bolts is sur- I rounded by a nut, F. A cross pin, F", ex-

tends transversely through the nut and the bolt, to keep the nut from turning on the bolt. Said nut is far enough below the bracket, F to allow up and down play of the bracket on the bolt during compression and expansion of the spring, F. Between the bracket, F and the top plate of the pedestal structure each bolt, F is surrounded by an expanding coiled spring, F and a washer, W. Said springs support the car body, the strain being taken by the brackets, F, of the axle boxes and transmitted through the axle boxes and the axle and the car wheels, A, to the track rails. At the middle of the axle box is a transverse saddleform upward extension, F which has an upright forward directed face, F adapted to bear against the adjacent upright web, E and which has at its rear a similar upright face, F adapted to bear against the adjacent flange, E Thus the flanges, E constitute abutments to limit movement of the axle box in the direction parallel to the length of the car. The saddle-form extension, F is made hollow to form a lubricant chamber, F which communicates with the interior of the axle box. The end of the axle box adjacent the wheel, A, is expanded.

to form a flange,F. On the upper part of said flange is an upright ear, F A tube, F extends through said ear and through the saddle-form extension, F to communicate with the chamber, F On the outer end of the tube, F, is a valved plug or similarmember, F adapted to receive a grease gun connection for driving a lubricant through said member and through said tube into the chamber, F Within the body of the axle box is a sleeve lining, G, in the upper part of which is a port, G through which lubricant may pass downward from the chamber, F

The end of the axle box which is directed toward the middle of the car is closed by a convex end wall, H, which isan integral part of the axle box casting and closely sur rounds the axle, A and is adapted to bear against the abutment plate, D. The opposite end of the axle box has a removable end wall, H resting against an annular shoul-v der, H formed on the inner face of the axle box where the flange, F joins the body of the axle box. The removable wall, H closely surrounds the axle, A The upper part of the flange, F, has a horizontal face, H Thus the inner line of a cross section of the flange, F, at the end wall, H is annular excepting that the upper part is made horizontal. The upper part of the wall, H is correspondingly horizontal. The horizontal face, H and the horizontal part of the wall, H engage each other to prevent the turning of the wall, H when the axle, A .and the hub, A are rotated. At the outer side of the removable walk-H the axle is surrounded by a fiber washer, H Between that washer and the hub, A is a steel washer, H also surrounding the axle. Between the axle, A and the sleeve, G, are anti-friction rollers, I, having journals, I seated in rings, I Said rings and rollers may be removed without removing the axle box. After removing the wheel, A, from the axle, the washers, H and H, and the end wall, H, may be moved outward along the length of the axle. Then the rings and the rollers may be drawn out of the axle box along the axle for repairing or replacing.

The drawings show a tie bar, J, extending from one of the downward extensions of one'pedest-al structure to a downward extension of the pedestal structure at another axle box at the same side of the car, each end of the tie bar being secured by a bolt or rivet, J

Normally the car body is supported by the springs, F while the springs are not fully compressed and form an elastic support. The thickness and number of the coils of the spring are such as to put the spring under full compression before the car bodv ha descended far enough to make contact between the car body and the axle box or between the car body and the axle.

As above described, forward or rearward movement of the axle box relative to the pedestal structure and the'car body is limited because during such movement engagement is made between an upright part of ratchet the pedestal structure and the axle box. Endwise movement of the axle box is lim: ited by the abutment plate, D that plate, as above described, surrounding the axle and being secured immovably to the angle plate, l). During the limited horizontal movements of the axle box, the lower end of each spring, F, rocks on the convex upper lace of the adjacent axle box bracket. When on account of unevenness in the track or during derailment of the car there is a tendency toward separation of theaxle and axle box from the car body, such" separation is lim ited by contact between the lower face of the axle in the lower part of the abutment plate, D that plate then serving as a stirrup or hanger. Ur such separating movement may be arrested by contact between the nuts, F and the axle box brackets, F.

It is to be observed that the springs, 35, are in a common u right plane which is parallel to the length of the car and which cuts midway between the ends of the rollers, it, so that the support given to the car body is in that plane, and the rocking of the axle box is in that plane.

The rocking of the axle box relative to the car body in said plane, the plane cutting the middle of the axle box, permitsa balanced pressure of the axle box on the axle at all times. Excessive pressure of the anti-triction rollers at one end on the axle is thereby avoided. ln other words, the pressure by the rollers on the axle is equally distributed along the length of the rollers, regardless of the change of relation between the axle box and the car body. Thus avoiding concentration of pressure permits easier rotation of the axle and imparts greater durability to the axle and/the axle box members.

By making the end wall, H, ot the axle box convex, tendency to tilt or cant the axle box on the axle during contact with the plate, D is substantially eliminated, the engagement between said wall and the plate, D being close to the axle, A It said wall presented a face parallel to said plate, then a movement of the car body causing the plate, 10*, to lean would put pressure from the plate, D", on the axle box at the outer rim of the wall, H. This would tend to tilt or cant the axle box and put unequal pressure on the rollers. By making the upper face of the brackets, F convex or raised at the middle, the rocking or pivoting of the:

pedestals on the axle box will take place in the middle upright transverse plane of the axle box, whereby, as already indicated is desirable, downward pressure of the axle box on the axle will be equalized throughout the length of the axle box rollers. Furthermore,*s1nce, as above described, the brackets are made wider above than below,

the rocking of the pedestal on the axle box will be on a pivotal line which is closest to the axial line of the axle, should it happen that the abutment wall, D is through warping or twisting or bending displaced surficiently to allow contact between the brackate and adjacent upright faces of the edestals. Thus positioning this pivota line minimizes tendency to cant the axle box on the axle and cause greater pressure of the rollers on the axle in one end of the axle box than in the other.

By placing the brackets and the springs at each side of the axle box; springs of a suitable length may be used while the distance between the car bottom and the axle is made short.

The bolts, F and nuts, F form adjustable means for permitting limited down ward movement of the axle box relative to the car bottom, as already stated, when there is irregularity in the track. The same action takes place when the car body tilts or twists in such manner a to tend to lift the adjacent wheel from the rail. By keeping the wheel in engagement with the rail, tendency to derailment is reduced. lhis feature is of large importance because usually such cars arein trains, and it one wheel becomes derailed; that car is apt to become derailed and cause derailment and wreckage Or a part or all of the cars in the train.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the several described means for avoiding unbalanced pressure on the axle box have practical importance.

I claim as my invention,

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1. ln a structure of the kind described} on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedest-al structure applied to the reinforcing means and extending downward at each side of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate of the pedestal structure, substantially as described.

2. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring parallel to the length of the car body, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding 'the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the flooring and reinforcing means and extending downward at each side, of the axle box and beside the axle box brackets, a bolt at each side of the axle box and having its upper end in engagement with the upper part of the pedestal structure and extending through the adjacent axle box bracket, a spring surrounding said bolt between each of said brackets and the top plate of the pedestal structure, and means for limiting endwise movement of the wheel toward the adjacent endof the axle and means for limiting movement of the axle box toward the middle longitudinal line of the car body, substantially as described.

3. In a structure of the kind described,

the combination of flooring, two reinforcing structure applied to the reinforcing members and extending downward at each side ofthe axle box and the axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate of the pedestal structure, substantially'as described.

4. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing members applied to the lower face of the flooring and spaced from each other and extended parallel to the length of the car body, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the lower face of the reinforcing members and extending into the space between said members and extending downward at each side of the axle box and axle box brackets, and a top plate of the pedestal structure, substantially as described.

5. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a unitary pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means and extending downward at each side of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate of the unitar pedestal structure, substantially as describe 6. In a structure of the kind described, the cdmbination of flooring, "two reinforcing members applied to the flooring and spaced from each other andiextended parallel to the length of the car body, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a unitary pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing members and extending downward at each side of the axle box and the axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate of the unitary pedestal structure, substantially as described.

7. In a structure of the kind described, the

combination of flooring, reinforcing members applied to the lower face of the flooring and spaced from each other and extended parallel to the length of the car body, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having ateach side a bracket, a unitary edestal structure applied to the lower face 0 the reinforcing members and extending into the space betweensaid members and extending downward at" each side of the axle box and axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate of the unitary pedestal structure, substantially as described, 7 I 8. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure comprising a top plate extending across the axle box and having downward extensions at the sides of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate, substantially as described.

9. In a structure of the kind described,the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure comprising a top plate extending across the axle box and having downward extensions at the sides of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate, and a bolt at each side of the axle box and extending downward from the top plate through the adjacent axle box bracket, substantially as described.

10. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a

wheel on the, axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure comprising a top plate applied to the reinforcing means and having two downward extensions at each side of the axle box, and a spring extending upward from each axle box bracket to the topplate, substantially as described,

11. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure, comprising a top plate applied to the reinforcing means and having two downward extensions at each side of the axle box a spring extending upward from each axle box bracket to the top plate, and a bolt extending upward through each bracket into engagement with the top plate, substantially as described. i

12. In a structure of the kind described,

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means appled to the flooring, an axle, a

wheel on the axle, an axle box surroundings the axle and having at each side a bracket, a unitary pedestal structure comprising a top plate extending across the axle box and having two downward extensions at each side of the axle box and webs connecting said extensions above the brackets, and a spring extending upwards from each i ivoeei bracket to the top plate, substantially as described. 7

13. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a

wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a unitary pedestal structure comprising a top plate extending across the axle box and having two downward extensions at each side of the axle box and webs connecting said extensions above the brackets, a spring extending upward from each bracket to the top plate, and a bolt extending upward through each bracket into engagement with the top plate, substantially as described.

14. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring having holes for the passing of bolts, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means and comprising a top plate having bolt holes registering with the bolt holes in the flooring and said pedestal structure, extending downward at eachside of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, a spring extending upward from each bracket to the top plate, and a bolt extending through each bracket and into the adjacent top plate bolt hole, substantially as described.

15. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means and comprising a top plate and two downward extensions placed at each side of the axle box and being angle form in horizontal cross section and a spring extending upward from each bracket to the top plate, substantially as described. 3

16. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the ,axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each sides a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means and comprising a top plate and two downward extensions placed at each side of the axle box and being angle form in horizontal cross section, a spring extending upward from each bracket to the top plate, and a bolt extending upward throu h each bracket into relation with the top p ate, substantially as described.

. verse upward extension to form a lubricant chamber and the axle box having at its outer end an ear, a tube supported by said ear and connected with the wall of the,

transverse extension for communication with the lubricant chamber, substantially as described.

18. In a structure of the kind described an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having a transverse upward extension to form a lubricant chamber and the axle box having at its outer car, a tube supported by said ear and connected with the wall of the transverse extension for communication with the lubricant chamber, and a pedestal structure in operative relation with the axle box, substantially as described.

19. In a structure of the kind described, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring and including a hub abutment and hanger surrounding the axle, and a pedestal structure in operative relation with the axle box and applied to the reinforcing means, substantially, as described.

20. In a structure of the kind described,

an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, flooring, reinforcing .means applied to the flooring and including a hub abutment and hanger surrounding the axle and having suficient opening to allow relative up-and-down movement of e the axle and abutment, and a pedestal structhe axle and having-at each side a bracket,

a pedestal structure comprising a top plate applied to the reinforcing means and having two downward extensions at each side of the axle box, a spring extending upward from each axle box bracket to the top plate, and a bolt having its upper end in engagement with the top plate and having its lower end extending through the bracket and having below and normally spaced from the bracket a nut, substantially as described.

23. In a structure of the kind desribed, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring and comprising an angle plate and an upright-abutment plate secured to the angle plate and having an elongated opening, an axle extending through said opening, a wheel on the axle,

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an axle box surrounding the axle, and a side ofsaid middle part a lower part bearpedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means in operative relation with the axle box, substantially as descibed.

24. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of sheet metal flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an

axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means and extending downward at each side of the axle box and at eachside of the axle bbx brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the top plate of the pedestal structure, substantially as described.

25. In a structure of the kind described,

the combination of sheet-metal flooring, re-

inforcing members applied to the flooring parallel to the length of the car body, an axle, a Wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing members and extending downward at each side of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, and a spring between each of said brackets and the 'top plate of the pedestal structure, substantially as described.

26. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of flooring, two reinforcing members applied to the lower face of the flooring and spaced from each other and parallel to the length of the car body, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure having a top plate and extending ownward at each side of the axle box, the top plate extending across the axle box and having a middle part high enough to extend between the reinforcing members and bear a inst the lower face of the flooring and havlng at each ing against the adjacent lower face of the adjacent reinforcing member, substantially as described.

27. In a structure-of the kind described, the combination of flooring, reinforcing means applied to the flooring, an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having at each side a bracket, a pedestal structure applied to the reinforcing means and extending downward at each side of the axle box and at each side of the axle box brackets, and a tie bar having one end joined to one of said downward extensions and having its other end joined to another member of the car, substantially as described.

28. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surroundingthe axle and having brackets which have upper convex faces, and springs supported by said brackets and in operative relation with the car body to support said body, substantially as described. I

29. In a structure of the kind described, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having brackets with inclined side faces, a pedestal structure extending to opposite sides of the brackets, substantially as described.

30. In a structure of the kind described. the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle and having an end Wall, the outer face of which i is convex, and a stationary abutment plate positioned to be engaged by said axle box wall, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof I have signed myname, this 17th day of May, in the year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-two.

HUGH W. SANFORD. 

